Vanilla JS vs Vue.js: what is the difference in application architecture?

The difference between Vanilla.js and Vue.js in application design is that Vanilla.js enables low-level, direct DOM and event manipulation without structure, while Vue.js offers an opinionated framework with reactive data binding, a virtual DOM, and templating. Vue.js simplifies managing complex interfaces in scalable apps, whereas Vanilla.js relies on developer implementation for such features.